Models are simplification or approximation of reality and hence they will not capture all of reality. “All models are wrong, but some are useful” is a famous quote by George Edward Pelham Box (1919–2013). George Box was a British mathematician and professor of statistics at the University of Wisconsin. Statisticians develop theoretical models to predict the behaviour of certain process. The meaning of this quote is that every single model will be wrong and it never represents the exact…

Binary classification is one of the most frequent studies in applied machine learning problems in various domains, from medicine to biology to meteorology to malware analysis. Many researchers use some performance metrics in their classification studies to report their success. However, the literature has shown a widespread confusion about the terminology and ignorance of the fundamental aspects behind metrics.

In our paper tittled "Binary Classification Performance…